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Developmental and Structural Section

Yatsenko, Igor O. [1].

Pyrenarium-like fruits in Sapindaceae Juss.

We had studied morphology and anatomy of fruits of 5 species from the Sapindaceae family, which were previously placed in the subfamily Dodonaeoideae: Dodonaea adenophora, Dodonaea viscosa, Harpullia zanquebarica, Cossinia pinnata, and Diplopeltis sp. The fruits of all these taxa are usually treated as capsules. In Dodonaea species capsules are characterized by septifragmous dehiscence, fruits of Harpullia zanquebarica are loculicidally dehiscent, and fruits of Cossinia and Diplopeltis are schizocarpous fruits with dehiscent mericarpia in Cossinia and indehiscent in Diplopeltis. It was revealed that pericarp in the studied fruits is differentiated into three hystogenetic zones – exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp. Exocarp is represented by more or less typical epidermis. Mesocarp is differentiated into peripheral parenchymatic zone composed of several layers of thin-walled cells and inner zone, which is represented by several layers of elongated of fiber-like sclereids with thickened and lignified walls. Endocarp consists of one layer of cells with poorly-thickened, unlignified walls. The cells of endocarp differ in shape, structure and thickness of the walls from the cells comprising inner zone of mesocarp. Basing on the results of our carpological study we suggest that only fruits of Dodonaea species and Harpullia zanquebarica should be treated as peculiar septifragmous and loculicidal capsules correspondingly. Schizocarpous fruits of Cossinia and Diplopeltis we propose to treat as pyrenarium-like fruits of peculiar type. These pyrenarium-like fruits are of particular interest because of anatomy of their pericarp and putamen structure. They sufficiently differ from typical pyrenaria in which the putamen/s is/are formed of lignified cells of inner zone of mesocarp and endocarp, but not of the inner zone of mesocarp only. So fruits of Cossinia and Diplopeltis should be treated as a new morphogenetic fruit type different from pyrenarium. Similar pyrenarium-like fruits were also found in other families of angiosperms, but they still lacking the correct name.


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1 - Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Higher Plants, Vorobievi gori 1/12, Moscow, 119992, Russia

Keywords:
Sapindaceae
carpology
Fruits
pericarp
pyrenarium-like fruits.

Presentation Type: Poster:Posters for Sections
Session: P
Location: Ball Room & Party Room/SUB
Date: Monday, July 28th, 2008
Time: 12:30 PM
Number: PDS008
Abstract ID:364


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